What You Should Know About Adultery and Claim for Damages in Thailand 您應該了解泰國的通姦和損害賠償

Adultery is a serious offense in Thailand that can have legal repercussions for both the adulterer and the third person. Adultery includes both heterosexual and homosexual acts of sexual intercourse between a married person, and someone who is not a spouse for a sustained period. Unless it is for payment where there is no romantic relationship by both parties.

通姦在泰國是一項嚴重犯罪，通姦者和第三者都會受到法律影響。通姦包括已婚人士與長期非配偶之間的異性性行為和同性性行為。除非是為了錢，雙方沒有戀愛關係。

Under section 1516 (1) of the Civil and Commercial Code of Thailand, a spouse can file for a divorce, if the other spouse has committed adultery. Some partners will knowingly cheat on their husbands or wives, this is sometimes referred to from a male’s point of view as having a geek or a me a Mia Noi. This can be roughly translated into a minor wife.

根據泰國《民商法》第 1516 (1) 條，如果另一方有通姦行為，一方可以提出離婚。有些伴侶會故意欺騙他們的丈夫或妻子，從男性的角度來看，這有時被稱為擁有極客或Mia Noi。這大致可以翻譯為小老婆。

In the case that a married person engages in sexual activity with a prostitute or pays for such services, it may not under the Thai Civil and Commercial Code (“CCC”) be considered adultery, as there is no emotional attachment between the parties offering, paying for and engaged in such sexual activity.

如果已婚人士與女性性交易者發生性行為或支付此類服務費用，根據泰國民商法(“CCC”)，可能不會被視為通姦，因為雙方之間不存在情感依戀，使用金錢交易並參與此類性活動。

Evidence required for a Court to consider adultery as a ground for Divorce. In order for the plaintiff to prove adultery in Thailand against the defendant in court, he or she will require evidence of adultery. This can include photographs, witness testimony, videos, Facebook posts or other modern means of communication et cetera. However, it is also important to take note that any evidence must be substantial and must also be convincing for the court to consider in support as a ground for Divorce.

法院將通姦視為離婚理由所需的證據。為了讓原告在法庭上證明被告在泰國通姦，他或她將需要通姦的證據。這可以包括照片、證人證詞、影片、Facebook 貼文或其他現代通訊方式等。然而，同樣重要的是要注意，任何證據都必須是實質的、而且必須令人信服，以便法院考慮支持離婚的理由。

According to Section 1523 under CCC, all parties involved in the act of adultery can be liable for adultery and may be sued. Even if a person is unaware of the married status of the partner they’re involved with, they can still be sue for damages. However, their knowledge of the spouse marriage status will lead the Thai judge decides on the amount of damages.

根據 CCC 第 1523 條，所有涉及通姦行為的各方都可能因通姦行為承擔責任並可能被起訴。即使有一人不知道其伴侶的婚姻狀況，他/她仍然可以被起訴要求賠償。然而，他/她對配偶婚姻狀況的了解將導致泰國法官決定損害賠償金額。

On the other hand, you cannot file for compensation if you gave your Thai wife or husband permission to have a girlfriend (Mia Noi) or boyfriend. A Mia Noi can be a female that the male partner maintains, or has a romantic relationship with, which is, in addition to his lawful wife for a prolonged period of time.

另一方面，如果您允許您的泰國妻子或丈夫有女朋友(Mia Noi)或男朋友，您就不能申請賠償。 Mia Noi 可以是與男性伴侶維持或維持浪漫關係的女性，即除了合法妻子之外的長期關係。 

According to Section 1529 under CCC, the statute of limitations for suing an adulterer for damages is one year from the day the aggrieved party becomes aware or should have been aware of the adultery. The commencement of this one-year period is critical. It stars from the time the adulterous relationship is terminated. In other words, if the extramarital relationship persists, the aggrieved party always has the right to sue without the limitation of the one-year time frame.

根據CCC第 1529 條，起訴通姦者要求賠償的訴訟時效為受害人知道或應當知道通姦行為之日起一年。這一年的開始至關重要。這從通姦關係終止時開始。換句話說，如果婚外關係持續存在，受害人始終有權提起訴訟，不受一年期限的限制。

On the other hand, CCC indicates damages and compensation from the marriage. Under Section 1524 of CCC, if you are getting divorced under Section 1516 (3) (4) or (6). This being that your wife has disappeared or has created bodily or mental torture. This with the intention to make you suffer as a reason for the divorce. You are entitled to compensation from the party at fault.

另一方面，CCC註明婚姻造成的損害和賠償。根據 CCC 第 1524 條，如果您根據第 1516 (3) (4) 或 (6) 條離婚。例如你的妻子失蹤或造成身體或精神上的折磨。這是為了讓你受苦作為離婚的理由。您有權向過失方要求賠償。

Section 1524 shall be decided by Court according to the circumstances, and the Court may give an order for a single payment thereof or payment in installments as may be deemed suitable by the Court.

第1524條應根據情況由法院決定，法院可以根據法院認為適當的情況下令一次性支付或分期支付。

Section 1516 第1516條

(3) One party has caused serious harm or torture to the body or mind of the other, or has seriously insulted the other or his or her ascendants, the latter may enter a claim for divorce;

一方對另一方的身體或精神造成嚴重傷害或折磨，或嚴重侮辱對方或其長輩，後者可以提出離婚請求;

(4) One party has deserted the other for more than one year, the latter may enter a claim for divorce

一方拋棄另一方一年以上，對方可提出離婚

(4.1) Sentenced by a final judgement to imprisonment and has been imprisoned for more than one year;

終審判決判有期徒刑，已被判處一年以上徒刑；

(4.2) Voluntarily lived apart as they are unable to live peacefully for more than three years;

因無法平靜生活超過三年而自願分居；

(6) Provide proper assistance and maintenance to the other party or committed a detrimental act.

向對方提供適當的協助和維護或做出有害行為。

If your wife/husband has disappeared or you have not lived together as husband or wife for more than 3 years because of it being her/his fault then most times the claim is to secure the property such as a car, house, or condominium in Thailand in his or her absence.

如果您的妻子/丈夫失踪、或由於她/他的過錯，您沒有作為丈夫或妻子同居超過3年，那麼大多數情況，索賠是為了在他或她不在的情況獲得泰國的財產，例如汽車、房屋或公寓。

Note that compensation for divorce in terms of Section 1525[1] can either be a one-off payment or paid in installments as the court may determine. As stated above it can also be used for leverage as the compensation would normally be deducted out of the community of property share of your wife/husband if you have filed the compensation claim.

請注意，第 1525 條規定的離婚補償金可以一次性支付，也可以根據法院的決定分期支付。如上所述，這可進行充分利用，因為如果您提出賠償索賠，賠償通常會從您妻子/丈夫的共同財產份額中扣除。

Living allowances can also be asked for certain circumstances as lined out in Section 1527. Such as getting divorced under Section 1516 (7)[2] insanity or (9)[3] having an incurable transmittable illness. In terms of Section 1527[4] the person may file for living allowances due to their illness or condition. Notice that there is no need for fault in this provision.

在第 1527 條規定的某些情況下，也可以要求生活補助費。例如根據第 1516 條 (7) 精神錯亂或 (9) 患有無法治癒的傳染性疾病而離婚。根據第 1527 條，此人可以因疾病或狀況申請生活補助費。請注意，該規定沒有必要存在錯誤。

Only under Section 1526, “In a divorce, if the cause of the divorce is due to either spouse’s fault solely and the other party becoming more destitute because of having insufficient income such other party may request the liable party to pay living allowance”, which allows for the person who is not at fault to file for compensation. This by way of a living allowance if the divorce will leave them destitute.

僅根據第 1526 條規定，“離婚時，離婚原因如僅是由於配偶一方的過錯而導致另一方因收入不足而變得更加貧困，另一方可以要求責任方支付生活補助費”，該條規定，允許無過失的人提出賠償。如果離婚會使他們陷入貧困，這是一種生活補貼。

The Court may decide whether the living allowances be granted or not by taking the ability of the grantor and the condition in life of the receiver into consideration, and the provisions of Section 1598/39, Section 1598/40 and Section 1598/41 shall apply mutatis mutandis.

法院可根據授予人的能力和接收人的生活狀況決定是否給予生活津貼，第 1598/39 條、第 1598/40 條及第 1598/41 條的規定應比照適用。

The right to claim the living allowances is extinguished if it is not raised in the plaint or counter-claim in the action for divorce.

主張生活費的權利即消滅若離婚訴訟未在原告或答辯提出。

However, under Section 1528,[5] if the person gets married again the right to a living allowance stops.

然而，根據第 1528 條，如果此人再次結婚，則領取生活補助費的權利將終止。

[1] The compensation under Section 1523 and Section 1524 shall be decided by the Court according to the circumstances, and the Court may give an order for a single payment thereof or payment in installments as may be deemed suitable by the Court.

[2] One spouse has been an insane person for more than three years continuously and such insanity is hardly curable so that the continuance of marriage cannot be expected, the other may enter a claim for divorce.

[3] One spouse is suffering from a communicable and dangerous disease which is incurable and may cause injury to the other, the latter may file a claim for divorce.

[4] If a divorce is effected on the ground of insanity under Section 1516 (7) or on the ground of suffering from a communicable and dangerous disease under Section 1516 (9), the other spouse shall furnish living allowances to the spouse who is insane or is suffering from the disease, according to Section 1526, mutatis mutandis.

[5] If the party receiving living allowances remarries, the right to receive living allowances is extinguished.

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